A multifunctional guided surgery to assist in the 3-dimensional positioning of dental implants and in obtaining a palatal gingival graft.

Parameters such as the correct 3-dimensional positioning and the quality of peri-implant soft tissues are fundamental to the success of implant-supported restorations. Digital planning and guided surgery techniques can make the implant placement more accurate, and modifying the periodontal phenotype is often fundamental to increasing esthetics and peri-implant health, mainly in esthetic areas. This article describes a guided surgery technique that assists in the 3-dimensional positioning of implants and identifies the best anatomic area (volume and safety) for obtaining a palatal gingival graft.

Clinical evaluation and biological understanding of the early step-by-step healing after periodontal microsurgery: A case report with PES analysis comparing initial and 31-day result.

Microsurgery has evolved, permitting faster vascularization and healing than macro-interventions, reducing tissue trauma and obtaining precise wound closure. Therefore, this study aimed to detail the initial healing steps after the periodontal microsurgical procedure. A -26 year-old female had a localized recession (anterior lower tooth, recession type1-), with the absence of local keratinized tissue width (KTW) and adjacent gingival thickness (GT)<1 mm. After oral prophylaxis and occlusal adjustments, the pink esthetic score was performed (5 points), followed by the microsurgery procedure. Prior to inserting the subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG), the epithelial layer was removed, and the root surface was biomodified. Two days postoperatively, it was possible to observe a white layer from the SCTG in the gingival margin, decreasing after 4 days. In 6 days, the sutures were removed; no graft and volume loss was observed. For 9 days, the volume was the maintenance. Nevertheless, there was a reduction in tissue volume in the facial zone. After 11 and 13 days, an improved healing process was found, whereas, after 16 days, it was possible to report stable tissues, which was confirmed after 31 days, with a significant GR reduction and an increase in KTW and GT. Moreover, the final pink esthetic score (PES) was 9. Microsurgery had a faster healing and predictable outcome, suggesting reduced trauma, which may allow a quicker suture removal without jeopardizing the outcomes.

Endodontic and Periodontal Treatment of Complete Buccal Root and Apex Exposition: A Challenging Case Report With 17 Months Follow-Up.

INTRODUCTION: This case report demonstrated a challenging clinical case addressed within a multidisciplinary approach to achieve its maintenance, even though had a poor prognosis. It was associated with the endodontic treatment with mucogingival techniques, including periodontal microsurgery and connective tissue graft. CASE PRESENTATION: A patient presented a deep gingival recession with the apex-exposed non-vital tooth with interproximal bone loss (RT2) and without mobility. The treatment involved an initial endodontic approach and periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing), microsurgical techniques with coronally advanced flap, root preparation with PrefGel (24% EDTA), enamel matrix derivatives (Emdogain), and connective tissue graft. As a clinical result, it was verified an increase of keratinized tissue width and gingival thickness, and root coverage (RC), reaching good esthetics and a stable result after 17 months. CONCLUSION: The correct diagnosis and technique selection may affect directly the outcome, especially in challenging cases. Even though there was a poor prognosis, an adequate treatment plan, patient cooperation, and technique mastery help to achieve a high level of RC, esthetic recovering, and successful outcome.

Gingival recession treatment with enamel matrix derivative associated with coronally advanced flap and subepithelial connective tissue graft: a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial with molecular evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on periodontal healing after root coverage (RC) surgery, involving CAF in combination with SCTG, and to assess the molecular profile, verifying the inflammation level in early stage (1 and 2 weeks). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two recessions (RT1) were submitted to periodontal surgery with (test) or without (control) EMD. The clinical parameters analyzed on the day of surgery and 6 months after the surgical procedure were as follows: recession height and width, keratinized tissue height, percentual root coverage, and the gingival thickness of keratinized tissue. Moreover, the main inflammatory biomarkers and growth factors (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, FGF, MIP-1α and ß, PDGF, TNF-α, and VEGF) were evaluated at baseline, 7, and 14 days after procedures. RESULTS: The average root coverage was significantly higher in the test group as compared to the control group (86% vs. 66%, p = 0.008). The test side had significantly lesser final RH compared to the control side (p = 0.01). Also, there was a significant reduction of RW in both groups, with more significant results in the test group. KTH and GT were not significantly different at any time and group. After 14 days, the immunological analysis showed an increase of VEGF (p = 0.03) on the test group compared to the control side. CONCLUSION: The use of EMD in RC surgeries resulted in a significantly higher RC, as well as a significant increase in VEGF expression, suggesting that EMD may contribute to the angiogenic and healing process. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: EMD provided better results in root coverage treatment when associated with CAF and SCTG, beyond a greater releasing of angiogenic growth factor (VEGF), which enhanced the result.

Histologic and histomorphometric analysis of connective tissue grafts harvested by the parallel incision method: a pilot randomized controlled trial comparing macro- and microsurgical approaches.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to assess the efficacy of macro- and microsurgical procedures in removing the epithelial tissue layer of subepithelial connective grafts (SCTGs) harvested by the parallel incision method. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Sixteen patients were randomized to receive macro-SCTG harvesting (n = 10, control group) or micro-SCTG harvesting (n = 10, test group) by the parallel incision technique. Histologic and histomorphometric analysis of the SCTG evaluated the percentage remnant of epithelium and connective tissue. The presence of remnant portions of the epithelium was identified in eight samples (three in the macro- and five in the microsurgery groups). RESULTS: Sixteen participants with 20 sites were included and 20 SCTG were collected and analyzed. SCTG harvested by microsurgical approaches displayed more portions of remnant epithelium compared to the conventional removal (50% versus 30%). There were no significant differences in mean remnant epithelial thickness for test (147.3 ± 89.3 µm) and control (209.0 ± 127.5 µm) groups (P = .57). Likewise, nonsignificant differences were identified in terms of the connective tissue thickness (macrosurgery: 1,511.0 ± 1,160.0 µm; microsurgery: 1,472.0 ± 1,063.0 µm) between groups (P = .96). CONCLUSION: The samples harvested by microsurgery had greater remaining epithelial portions than those harvested by macrosurgery, and similar connective layer thickness.

Effectiveness of connective tissue graft substitutes for the treatment of gingival recessions compared with coronally advanced flap: a network meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to conduct a network comparison of the clinical effect of connective tissue graft (CTG) substitutes on the treatment of gingival recessions using coronally advanced flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search without language or dates restrictions was performed in five databases and in Grey literature for articles published until May, 2020. The eligibility criteria comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that analyzed the clinical outcomes of CTG substitutes when compared with coronally advanced flap (CAF) for the treatment of Miller class I and II (Cairo RT I) gingival recessions. A pairwise and network meta-analysis were conducted for each periodontal parameters to assess and compare the outcomes among different treatment arms for the primary and secondary outcomes. This systematic review (SR) was registered in INPLASY under number INPLASY202060075. RESULTS: Twenty-seven studies were included in the present SR. All analyzed CTG substitutes showed superior results when comparing with CAF alone for all periodontal parameters. However, when compared in a network, the acellular dermal matrix (ADM) demonstrated the best treatment ranking of probability results, followed by platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), enamel matrix derivative (EMD), and xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) for root coverage (RC). CONCLUSION: This SR observed that the association of biomaterials increases the effectiveness of RC in comparison with CAF alone. Based on the treatment ranking, although all the biomaterials analyzed showed a positive effect for RC, the ADM demonstrated the best results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: To know the effectiveness of CTG substitutes for the treatment of gingival recessions.

Associação entre o lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e as doenças periodontais ­ revisão de literatura / Association between systemic lupus erythematosus and periodontal diseases ­ literature review

O Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) é uma desordem reumática, crônica-inflamatória sistêmica e autoimune, mediada pela forte resposta anticorpo-antígeno, sob diversas formas de manifestação. Sua incidência e prevalência têm crescido mundialmente, sendo assim uma doença que ganhou destaque mais recentemente no meio científico. Por outro lado, a doença periodontal é também uma condição inflamatória, porém relacionada principalmente a uma disbiose microbiótica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a associação entre LES e as doenças periodontais. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca bibliográfica no site do pubmed, associando os termos "systemic lupus erythematosus" e "periodontal disease", sendo encontrados 104 artigos. Um artigo era incluído neste estudo se fosse publicado em português ou em inglês, analisando o LES e as doenças periodontais em seres humanos. Relatos de caso e revisões de literatura foram excluídos. Resultados: Dos 104 artigos encontrados, 24 foram selecionados pela análise do resumo e título. Dentre estes, 13 foram selecionados para serem incluídos na revisão de literatura, onde 10 estudos eram transversais, 2 eram observacionais e apenas 1 era longitudinal. Com isso, 12 dos artigos evidenciaram uma associação positiva entre o LES e as doenças periodontais. Conclusão: Na maioria dos estudos foi observada a associação do LES com as doenças periodontais (AU)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rheumatic, chronic-inflammatory systemic and autoimmune disorder, mediated by the strong antibody-antigen response, under various forms of manifestation. It's incidence and prevalence have grown worldwide, therefore this disease has gained prominence more recently in the scientific environment. On the other hand, periodontal disease is also an inflammatory condition, but mainly related to microbiotic dysbiosis. Objective: The objective of this study was to review the literature on the association between SLE and periodontal diseases. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed on the pubmed site, associating the terms "systemic lupus erythematosus" and "periodontal disease", with 104 articles being found. An article was included in this study when it were published in Portuguese or in English, analyzing SLE and periodontal diseases in humans. Articles that were published in a different language than Portuguese or English, case reports and literature reviews. Results: Of the 104 articles found, 24 were selected by analysis of the abstract and title. Of these, 13 were selected to be included in the literature review, where 10 studies were cross-sectional, 2 were observational and only 1 were longitudinal. Thus, 12 of the articles showed a positive association between SLE and periodontal diseases. Conclusion: In the majority of studies, the association of SLE with periodontal diseases was observed. (AU)

Possibilidades com o PRF no tratamento das recessões gengivais: uma revisão de literatura / Possibilities with PRF on treatment of gingival recession: a literature review

Os problemas periodontais possuem uma grande prevalência na população em geral. Estes se caracterizam pela alteração e/ou destruição dos tecidos de suporte dentário. A regeneração periodontal, que consiste na reconstrução de alguma parte perdida do periodonto, ainda enfrenta alguns desafios no que tange ao tratamento de recessões gengivais. Atualmente, o considerado padrão ouro para estes tratamentos é o retalho avançado coronalmente adjunto ao enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subeptelial. Contudo, novas técnicas têm surgido, buscando aumentar a eficácia e diminuir o desconforto dos pacientes submetidos a estes procedimentos. A fibrina rica em plaqueta (PRF) é uma nova geração de agregados plaquetários, com um processamento simples e rápido, que se mostra capaz de dar um novo rumo à regeneração tecidual. Esta já vem sido estudada e aplicada como um acelerador de cicatrização, tanto em tecidos moles quanto duros, devido à liberação de citocinas e fatores de crescimento por um longo tempo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma breve revisão de literatura, buscando artigos científicos através da plataforma CAFe, PubMed e Scielo, afim de descobrirmos em que ponto a ciência está em relação ao uso do PRF nos tratamentos de recessão gengival e quais são as suas possíveis aplicações clínicas. Pode-se concluir que, apesar de ter uma técnica simples de uso, eficácia na cicatrização e diversas aplicabilidades, ainda precisamos de mais estudos com acompanhamento a médios e longos prazo para definirmos as limitações deste biomaterial. (AU)

Periodontal problems have a high prevalence in the general population. These are characterized by the alteration and/or destruction of dental's support tissues. Periodontal regeneration, which consists in the reconstruction of some lost part of the periodontium, still faces some challenges regarding the treatment of gingival recessions. Currently, the gold standard for these treatments is the coronally advanced flap attached to the subeptelial connective tissue graft. However, new techniques have emerged, seeking to increase efficacy and decrease the discomfort of patients undergoing these procedures. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a new generation of platelet aggregates, with a simple and fast processing, showing itself capable of giving a new direction to tissue regeneration. This has been studied and applied as a healing accelerator, both in soft and hard tissues, due to the release of cytokines and growth factors for a long time. The objective of this work was to carry out a brief review of the literature, searching for scientific articles through the CAFe platform, PubMed and Scielo, in order to find out where the science spot is due to the use of PRF in gingival recession treatments and what their possible clinical applications are. It can be concluded that, despite having a simple technique of use, healing efficacy and several applicability, we still need more follow-up studies in the medium and long term to define the limitations of this biomaterial. (AU)

O impacto clínico e imunológico da matriz derivada de esmalte na cicatrização de cirurgias para recobrimento radicular / Clinical and imunological impact of enamel matriz derivative in root covering surgeries

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o impacto clínico e imunológico da matriz derivada de esmalte (EMD) na cicatrização periodontal, após a realização de cirurgias de recobrimento radicular. Dezesseis pacientes, com média de idade de 47,7 anos (DP=7,0), foram submetidos à cirurgia de recobrimento radicular com enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial associado ou não à matriz derivada de esmalte. O estudo seguiu o modelo de boca dividida e randomizado para os lados teste e controle. Os seguintes parâmetros clínicos foram analisados no dia da cirurgia e 6 meses após o procedimento cirúrgico: altura da recessão (AR), largura da faixa de gengiva queratinizada (LFG), largura da recessão (LR), profundidade de sondagem (PS), nível de inserção clínica (NIC) e espessura gengival (EG). Além da análise clínica, foram realizadas avaliações dos seguintes marcadores inflamatórios: IL-1ß, IL -1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, EOTAXIN, FGF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP 1α, PDGF-bb, MIP 1ß, RANTES, TNF-α e VEGF, no fluido gengival no dia da cirurgia e com 7 e 14 dias de pós-operatório. Análise da dor pós-operatória e a análise estética também foram realizadas. Os resultados demonstraram que o lado tratado com EMD resultou em percentual de cobertura radicular (p=0,03) significantemente maior quando comparado com o lado controle. Setenta e cinco por cento dos sítios apresentaram cobertura radicular completa no lado teste e 43,8% no controle, em 6 meses. O EMD não trouxe resultados significantes para aumento de espessura gengival e ganho de faixa de tecido queratinizado. As análises imunológicas mostraram um aumento de VEGF (p=0,03) e PDGF (p=0,03) aos 14 dias de pós-operatório com o EMD e altas expressões de mediadores inflamatórios como IL-1ß (p=0,04; p=0,03), IL-6 (p=0,05; p=0,05), TNF-α (p=0,02; p=0,02), MIP-1α (p=0,02; p=0,05) com 7 dias de pós-operatório, em ambos os grupos, teste e controle, respectivamente. Não houve diferença entre os grupos na avaliação da dor pós-operatória e foi demonstrada uma diferença significante entre a avaliação da estética final do paciente daquela realizada por um profissional calibrado e experiente. Assim sendo, concluímos que o EMD parece ter impacto clínico e imunológico, nas cirurgias de recobrimento de raízes, com percentuais significantemente maiores de cobertura radicular e completa cobertura radicular assim como aumento significantemente maior na liberação de VEGF e PDGF-bb com 14 dias de pós-operatório, sugerindo ser um importante elemento para uma melhor cicatrização.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological impact of the enamel-derived matrix (EMD) on periodontal healing, after root-covering surgeries. Sixteen patients, mean age 47.7 years (SD = 7.0), underwent root-graft surgery with graft of subepithelial connective tissue associated or not with enamel-derived matrix. The study followed the split-mouth model and randomized to the sides test and control. The following clinical parameters were analyzed on the day of surgery and 6 months after the surgical procedure: height of the recession (AR), width of keratinized tissue (LFG), width of the recession (LR), probing depth (PS), clinical attachment level (NIC) and gingival thickness (EG). In addition to the clinical analysis, the following inflammatory markers were evaluated: IL-1ß, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, EOTAXIN, FGF, GCSF, GMCSF, IFN-, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, PDGF-bb, MIP-1ß, RANTES, TNF-α and VEGF in the gingival crevicular fluid at baseline and at 7 and 14 postoperative days. Postoperative pain analysis and aesthetic analysis were performed. The results showed that the side treated with EMD resulted in a significantly higher percentage of root coverage (p = 0.03) when compared to the control side. Seventy-five percent of the sites had complete root coverage on the test side and 43.8% on the control side in 6 months. The EMD did not bring significant results to increase gingival thickness and gain of width keratinized tissue. Immunological analyzes showed an increase in VEGF (p = 0.03) and PDGF (p = 0.03) at 14 days postoperatively with EMD and high expression of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1ß (p = 0.04) (P = 0.05), MIP-1α (p = 0.05), TNF-α (p = 0.02, p = 0.02) 02, p = 0.05) with 7 postoperative days, in both groups, test and control, respectively. There was no difference between the groups in the evaluation of postoperative pain and a significant difference between the evaluation of the final aesthetic of the patient and the one performed by a calibrated and experienced professional was demonstrated. Thus, we concluded that EMD appears to have a clinical and immunological impact in root coverage surgeries, with significantly greater percentage of root coverage and complete root coverage, as well as a significantly higher increase in the release of VEGF and PDGF-bb with 14 days of postoperative, suggesting to be an important element for a better wound healing.

Clinical Considerations on the Root Coverage of Gingival Recessions in Thin or Thick Biotype.

Gingival biotype is a clinical term used to describe the thickness of the gingiva. It has been classified as being thick or thin and may be related to the clinical outcome of root coverage procedures. This study evaluated the impact of gingival biotype on the clinical outcome of root coverage procedures following subepithelial connective tissue graft plus coronally positioned flap. A total of 19 patients, 10 with thin and 9 with thick gingival biotype, were treated for localized Miller Class I or II gingival recessions. After 6 months, 14 patients achieved complete root coverage, 7 from each group. The overall mean pooled root coverage rate was 90.93%. The thin biotype cases yielded a reduced mean root coverage of 88.51% compared with 93.63% for patients who had the thick biotype classification. Although the thin gingival biotype may impair the clinical outcome of root coverage procedures, this limitation does not appear to have a strong influence on the success of the root coverage therapy when subepithelial connective tissue graft was associated with the coronal positioning of the flap.

Sorriso gengival: uma visão periodontal / Gingival smile: a periodontal point of view

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi apresentar os fatores determinantes para o diagnóstico, plano de tratamento e realização de uma correção de sorriso gengival, do ponto de vista periodontal. Por meio de uma revisão de literatura, foram expostos e discutidos a etiologia e os parâmetros fundamentais para o tratamento do sorriso gengival. Além disso, foram apresentados dois casos clínicos. Concluiu-se que a cirurgia para correção de sorriso gengival é um procedimento previsível, em que se alcança o resultado no ato cirúrgico, sem morbidades para o paciente. No entanto, o profissional deve ter conhecimento dos parâmetros periodontais envolvidos e dos padrões de estética para um resultado favorável e harmonioso.

Influência do biótipo periodontal na Implantodontia e na Ortodontia / Influence of periodontal biotype in Implantology and Orthodontics

O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura para avaliar a importância da definição do biótipo periodontal nos tratamentos ortodônticos e de implantes. Observou-se que as diferenças das características periodontais são semelhantes tanto para pacientes dentados quanto para portadores de implantes, então essa informação deve ser importante para a definição do tratamento ortodôntico e com implantes para evitar transtornos funcionais e estéticos. A definição do biótipo periodontal é fundamental para a previsibilidade desses tratamentos.

The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review to assess the importance of the definition of the periodontal biotype in orthodontic and implants treatments. It was observed that the differences in periodontal characteristics are similar for both dentate patients and for patients with implants, then this information should be important to the definition of orthodontic and implants treatments to avoid functional and aesthetic inconvenience. And the definition of periodontal biotype is critical to the predictability of these treatments.

O efeito do tratamento periodontal na proteína c-reativa em pacientes com indicação de cirurgia de revascularização: resultados preliminares / The effect of periodontal treatment in c-reactive protein in patients with indications of surgery revascularization: preliminary results

O objetivo do presente estudo foi examinar o efeito do tratamento periodontal não-cirúrgico sobre a proteína C-reativa, em pacientes com indicação de cirurgia de revascularização no Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia. Foram avaliados 22 pacientes portadores de periodontite crônica, com idade acima de 35 anos (média de idade 59,45 anos) separados em 2 grupos. O grupo I, estudo, (n = 11) recebeu tratamento periodontal anterior ao procedimento cirúrgico, e o grupo II, controle, (n = 11) não realizou tratamento periodontal. Os parâmetros periodontais avaliados foram: profundidade de bolsa à sondagem e nível de inserção clínica. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de todos os pacientes para análise da proteína C-reativa. Os parâmetros foram avaliados no dia 0, ao início do tratamento periodontal e repetida aos 90 dias, junto com a coleta sanguínea. O tratamento periodontal não-cirúrgico foi eficaz no controle da doença periodontal e aumentou os níveis séricos de proteína C-reativa.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of periodontal treatment on nonsurgical blood components like C-reactive protein in patients referred for bypass surgery at the Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia. We evaluate 22 patients with chronic periodontitis, aged above 35 years (mean age 59.45 years) divided into 2 groups. The group I, study (n=11), received periodontal treatment prior to cardiovascular surgvyery, and group II, control (n=11) did not have periodontal treatment. The periodontal parameters evaluated were: probing depths and clinical attachment level. Blood samples were collected from all patients for analysis of C-reactive protein. The parameters were evaluated at baseline, in the beginning of periodontal treatment and were repeated after 90 days, along with blood collection. The non-surgical periodontal treatment was effective in controlling periodontal disease and increased serum levels of C-reactive protein.

Avaliação da eficácia da terapia fotodinâmica como adjunto ao tratamento periodontal de pacientes com periodontite agressiva / Evaluation of the efficacy of photodynamic therapy as adjunct to periodontal treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis

A periodontite agressiva é um processo inflamatório de origem bacteriana mediado pelo sistema imunológico do hospedeiro e é provavelmente a forma mais grave de doença periodontal com destruição das estruturas de proteção e de suporte, em um período relativamente rápido, normalmente levando a perda prematura dos elementos dentários. O objetivo do presente ensaio clínico randomizado controlado foi avaliar o efeito clínico da terapia fotodinâmica como adjunto ao tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico no tratamento da periodontite agressiva. Foram selecionados dez pacientes com periodontite agressiva, os quais foram examinados no dia zero e após três meses. O desenho do estudo consistiu em um modelo de boca dividida, onde um hemiarco foi tratado com raspagem e alisamento radicular e terapia fotodinâmica (laser diodo + azul de metileno 0,005%) e o outro apenas com raspagem e alisamento radicular. Três meses após o término do tratamento, os grupos terapêuticos apresentaram resultados semelhantes para todos os parâmetros clínicos avaliados: ambas as terapias tiveram sucesso, como redução de profundidade de bolsa, ganho de nível de inserção clínica relativo, redução de índice de placa visível, redução de sangramento à sondagem, diminuição de envolvimento de furca e diminuição de mobilidade, porém sem diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre elas. Assim, os resultados sugeriram que a terapia fotodinâmica adjuntamente ao tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico mecânico foi tão eficaz quanto o tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico mecânico sozinho.

Aggressive periodontitis is an inflammatory process of bacterial origin mediated by host immune response and is probably the most serious form of periodontal disease, with destruction of the structures of protection and support, with fast course, often leading to premature loss of the teeth. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate the clinical effect of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct tononsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis. We selected ten patients with aggressive periodontitis, which were examined in the baseline to three months. The study design consisted of a split mouth model, where a quadrant was treated with scaling and root planing and photodynamic therapy (diode laser) and the other only with scaling and root planing. Three months after the end of the treatment, the treatment groups showed similar results for all clinical parameters evaluated: both therapies havebeen success ful and showed reduction of pocket depth, gain of relative attachment level, reduction of visible plaque index, reduction of bleeding on probing, decreased furcation involvement and decreased mobility, but without statistically significant differences between them. The results suggest that photodynamic therapy adjunct to non-surgical periodontalmechanic treatment was as effective as the non-surgical periodontal mechanic treatment alone.

Microcirurgia plástica periimplantar: revisão de literatura / Perimplantar microsurgery: review of the literature

Os avanços da odontologia nas últimas décadas foram notáveis de modo que equipamentos de alta tecnologia são atualmente empregados para aprimorar o desempenho dos cirurgiões em suas técnicas. O microscópio cirúrgico trouxe consigo uma nova perspectiva em vários segmentos, especialmente na periodontia e mais precisamente nas cirurgias plásticas periimplantares, que surgiram como uma opção no tratamento de pacientes que se submetem à terapia com implantes. Este trabalho objetiva realizar uma revisão de literatura que demonstre a incorporação do microscópio a este tipo de cirurgia e a relevância deste no resultado final do tratamento

The advances in dentistry in last few decades were remarkable in a way that high technology equipments are employed to improve the technical performance of surgeons in their procedures. Amongst these equipments is the surgical microscope, which brought a new perspective in various professional segments, especially in periodontics and, more precisely, in the periimplant plastic surgeries, which developed as a new option in the surgical implant therapy. This aim of this article is to report a literature review that demonstrates the microscope incorporation to this type of surgery and how this can be extremely relevant to the final result of treatment

Vacinação para hepatite B e os profissionais de saúde / Hepatitis B vaccination and health care workeers

Estima-se que existam 350 milhões de portadores da hepatite B em todo o mundo. Esta alta prevalência nos motivou a pesquisar o grau de informação acerca dessa doença. Os sujeitos do estudo foram 131 profissionais de saúde da Associação Brasileira de Odontologia do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se questionário, verificando-se a imunidade adquirida através da vacinação, os contaminados pelo vírus, bem como o teste de marcadores virais. Dentre os entrevistados, 15,5% relataram não terem sido vacinados. Entre os vacinados, 31% não realizaram as três doses e 56,2% ainda não haviam realizado o exame sorológico. Concluiu-se que é necessária educação continuada quanto aos meios de contaminação, transmissão e prevenção da hepatite B, além de informações sobre a importância do exame dos marcadores virais.